Beyond that first impression, however, the southern metro's energy is immediately apparent. Chennai is a vibrant hub of commerce and Carnatic music, auto manufacturing and Tamil film.
It didn't always have quite so much of a buzz. In the last century, Chennai – which was known as Madras until 1996 – had a reputation for being the most laid-back of India's metropolitan centres. It was, in the words of the Tamil writer CS Lakshmi, "the Unhurried City".
That's obvious from these archival images of old Madras. Published in a beautiful volume titled "Madras Then, Chennai Now" by Roli Books, these photographs demonstrate how the city has always used tradition as the springboard for leaping into an exciting future.
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A group of Carnatic musicians entertain guests at a tea party.
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Lawyer and freedom fighter C.P. Ramaswami Aiyar's sons, Sundaram, Pattabhi Raman, and Venkata Subban, with their dogs. Pattabhi Raman went on to become a member of parliament from 1957-'67, and union minister from 1966-'67.
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Bedecked in jewelry, these women are thought to belong to the family of a Telugu merchant. This is likely because they are wearing nathnis (nose rings) on the left side of their noses.
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A risque studio picture taken in 1937 of Bharatanatyam dancer T. Balasaraswathi (left) and Carnatic singer M.S. Subbulakshmi in their pajamas holding cigarettes .
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Devotees walking barefoot over smoldering cinders, with a ther, or chariot, with an image of Amman, the Goddess, in the background. Such events are still seen in Siva and Murugan temples at Vadapalani in Chennai.
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Masoola boats at Marina Beach. The lighthouse in the background was replaced by a new building in 1976, and is now a maritime heritage centre.
Images courtesy Roli Books.