The celebrated Indian composer Vanraj Bhatia died on May 7, just a few weeks shy of his 94th birthday.
I first heard Bhatia’s music without realising it was his. I fell in love, listen after listen, with his jingle for the Liril soap ad, the signature tune of the popular TV serial Khandaan, and God knows how many other earworms.
In 2013, I made a trip to Mumbai to attend a few concerts at the National Centre for the Performing Arts, but the main purpose of the visit was to interview Bhatia for an article for the British music magazine Opera Now.
I vividly remember that evening of January 23 when I caught a taxi and arrived at his Nepean Sea Road residence, a little apprehensive, not knowing what to expect or how I would be received.
He received me warmly once he grasped the purpose of my visit. He bade me sit on one of the upholstered armchairs in his stuffy living room that was cluttered with doily-covered furniture and bric-a-brac from a bygone era.
“Will you have a drink with me?” he asked. It was a little early for one, but he waved the objection away. “What sort of Goan are you?”
And so began the three-hour interview, some of which I videotaped with his permission. Bhatia was in the middle of writing the final act of his three-act opera Agni Varsha, based on a play by Girish Karnad.
He told me of the difficulty in finding a librettist. Act One had been written by Ranjit Hoskote and Act Two by Rani Day Burra. He wouldn’t divulge who, if anyone, was the librettist for Act Three.
Still, he was heartened by the fact that he had travelled to New York a few months before to attend a “world premiere performance” organised by soprano Judith Kellock of the completed acts of the opera. He was all praise for the cast and chorus for having learned their parts and performing them beautifully.
In a press statement about Agni Varsha to the American press, Bhatia had said: “The musical score is in a contemporary style, with lyrical sections based on ragas. It is an exuberant musical interpretation of a little-known myth from our great epic the Mahabharata, a new showcase for the music, dance and literature of India.”
To me, he elaborated further: “It has so much spectacle in it. It has all the nine rasas (emotions) in its storyline. There’s power, love, lust, sacrifice, faith, selfishness, jealousy, and vengeance…perfect for opera!” The synopsis included demons emerging from the underworld, incest, suicide, patricide, on-stage beheadings, a “play within a play”, the works.
Bhatia was confident Agni Varsha would be staged “soon” at the world’s major opera houses. Quite unexpectedly, and perhaps because I was writing for an international publication, he entrusted me with the task of mailing the DVDs of the New York performances to the Metropolitan Opera, Covent Garden and La Scala. Did he have specific names in mind at those hallowed venues? “Oh, just look it up,” he said airily.
I kept my promise, but as I never heard back, I have no idea whether his opera was given due consideration.
Leafing through his substantial curriculum vitae (he gave me a copy to mail with the DVDs), I noted that he had written music for over 60 films (a few among the many notable ones being Ankur, Manthan, Junoon, 36 Chowrighee Lane, Kalyug), close to 50 television serials (Khandaan, Tamas, Wagle Ki Duniya, Lifeline) and documentaries (Bharat Ek Khoj), over 7,000 jingles (Liril, Garden Vareli, Dulux; “I had to live”, he explained, almost apologetically to me), over 30 “serious” works, including music for solo piano, chamber music, music for larger ensembles and vocal music. His solitary opera stood out among the thicket of compositions.
I found this interesting as throughout the interview Bhatia couldn’t emphasise enough how much he loved opera. He grew up listening to, and studying, Indian classical music. His interest in western music was awakened by the Blue Danube waltz by Johann Strauss II, but the siren call came when he heard Tchaikovsky’s Piano Concerto no. 1 at age thirteen. “That decided it,” he said to me. From then on, his path was clear in his head.
He studied first at London’s Royal Academy of Music and then won a scholarship to study for five years (the only other Indian apart from Noor Inayat Khan) with the legendary composition pedagogue Nadia Boulanger. During his Paris years, Boulanger had the likes of Astor Piazzolla as her students, so it is likely that Bhatia knew him. Wouldn’t it have been a delight to listen in on their conversations? It’s a pity a detailed biography of Bhatia wasn’t written in his lifetime.
At his Nepean Sea Road residence, he spoke to me excitedly of his love affair with opera. “Opera always fascinated me.” It was a performance of Mussorgsky’s Boris Godunov at Covent Garden that sparked his lifelong obsession. “I’ve seen Richard Strauss’ Der Rosenkavalier at least fifteen times,” he said. On a special trip to Vienna, he would go to two operas each day, at the Volksoper and the Staatsoper. As a student, he would avail of the cheaper standing places to the opera, even Wagner’s behemoth Ring Cycle.
While Bhatia couldn’t say how the creative muse visited him, he told me how his daily routine facilitated it. “Each morning, I open any random page from Bach 48 (Prelude and Fugues, Well-tempered Clavier BWV 846-893) and play that.” And of course, he acknowledged Boulanger’s “fabulous technique”: “she didn’t teach composition per se; she taught harmony and counterpoint.”
Throughout the interview, I nursed my drink as much as possible, as Bhatia kept wanting to refresh it. Nevertheless, I was quite light-headed at the end of it, clutching an autographed copy of his Sinfonia Concertante for Strings (2001). He bade me goodbye as if we were long-lost friends and asked me to visit again. That I didn’t get round to it is my loss.
Internationally acclaimed Goan-origin soprano Patricia Rozario has performed Bhatia’s music. Two decades ago she came across his Kinguri-Vali for soprano, violin and piano (1960) and was “especially thrilled that he had set a Hindi poem to music”. She performed it in London and in Mumbai, where he coached the ensemble. “He had a wicked sense of humour and told us quite gleefully that he had deliberately made it difficult because we were trained artists and should be able to deal with it,” she said. More recently, she and her husband Mark Troop have performed his song cycle Six Seasons, specially commissioned for them.
“Six Seasons was a set of Sanskrit poems which Vanraj translated into English and set to music, capturing the vivid atmosphere of each poem and bringing a unique sense of the Indian seasons into his music,” Rozario told me. “I was able to perform this cycle in the UK, Canada, Australia and India and everywhere the audiences were enchanted by Vanraj’s music. A working session with the composer brought out a lot of detail in each piece which made them so much more vivid. My favourite one is Monsoon which brings to mind the haunting sounds of falling rain in the voice and piano. Talking to a composer about his music gives an artist a greater insight into the music and confidence to perform it with freedom and flair.”
I listened to the 2012 performance of Agni Varsha again after Bhatia’s death and I am glad I did. It was not a staged performance, and it was sung to piano accompaniment instead of a full orchestra, but the lyrical sections were quite moving, particularly the love duet between Nitila and Aravasu.
I learned from a subsequent interview in 2017 that Act Three was “almost finished”. I hope he did complete his magnum opus before his death. Judging from the first two Acts, it deserves to be staged, and if that were to happen, I am as confident now as he was then, that it will stand the test of time as an Indian operatic masterpiece.
This is a lightly edited version of an article that first appeared in The Navhind Times, Goa. It has been reproduced with the permission of the writer.
Also read:
On a different wavelength: Why Vanraj Bhatia is the foremost composer of Hindi New Wave cinema
The Vanraj Bhatia interview: ‘My music was unique then and is perhaps unique even now’